ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of surfactant therapy in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin. METHODS: ALI was induced by intratracheal administration of E. coli LPS endotoxin in rats. The study group was treated with E. coli LPS endotoxin (40 mg/kg) and surfactant (100 mg/kg) intratracheally. The controls were intratracheally injected with LPS endotoxin and same dose of 0.9% normal saline instead of surfactant. Before and after endotoxin instillation, we estimated body weight, respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR). The WBC counts had estimated in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and the total protein values were measured in BAL fluid. And also, we examined IL-1beta, IL-6 values in BAL fluid and serum. Finally, the histopathologic changes were confirmed with light and electron microscopic study. RESULTS: In the study group, the WBC counts had decreased in BAL fluid (p0.05). The RR and HR changes after instillation were also non-significant (p>0.05). Morphologically, the light microscopic examination denoted pathological findings such as infiltration of neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, vascular congestion. In electron microscopic study, there were various sized and shaped lamella bodies, and vacuolization of lamella bodies in alveolar type II cell. CONCLUSION: Surfactant protects effectively the ALI caused by LPS endotoxin in vivo and the protective effects of that may be related to anti-inflammatory action.
ABSTRACT
pose:Growth delay in asthmatic children has been reported, but the causes are unclear. In this study, we analyzed growth status in children with mild asthma and measured serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 to evaluate the relationship between the growth status and growth factors. We also evaluated the difference in the relationship of height standard deviation score (HTSDS) according to weight standard deviation score (WTSDS) between children with asthma and controls. METHODS:58 children between the age of 9 months and 12 years, who visited Konkuk University Hospital between July 2002 to June 2003, with wheeze and responded to bronchodilators were enrolled as asthma group. 59 children between the age of 6 months and 14 years without any medical problem were enrolled as controls. Height and weight were measured for both groups and their standard deviation scores were calculated respectively. Blood samples were collected for serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 levels and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were calculated from those values. The relationships between each growth status and growth factors were analyzed. RESULTS:The HTSDS and WTSDS were 0.17+/-.00, 0.38+/-.23 respectively for the asthma group; the HTSDS and WTSDS were 0.05+/-.95, 0.08+/-.06 respectively for the controls. IGF-I was 169.6+/-0.7 ng/mL, IGFBP-3 was 2146.0+/-36.5 ng/mL, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio was 0.08+/-.03 for the asthma group; IGF-I was 422.6+/-70.3 ng/mL, IGFBP-3 was 3409.6+/-61.1 ng/mL, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio was 0.12+/-.05 for the controls. In both groups, the concentration of IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/ IGFBP-3 ratio showed significant correlation with the age (P<0.01). In both groups, the correlation coefficient for WTSDS and HTSDS were 0.39 and 0.64, which were statistically significant. In the asthma group, the height gain was significantly smaller than the weight gain compared with controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We concluded that in children with mild asthma the increment in HTSDS according to WTSDS is less than that of controls.